From pets and plants to dust and pollen, everyday things can trigger allergy symptoms. Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to harmless substances as if they were dangerous. Learning what causes allergies and how to manage them can help you stay comfortable and in control.
What Are Allergies?
Allergies happen when your immune system overreacts to substances known as allergens. These can include:
- Pollen from trees, grass, and weeds
- Dust mites
- Pet dander
- Mould spores
Although these are harmless to most people, your body treats them as a threat and triggers a reaction.
What Causes Allergy Symptoms?
When allergens enter your body—through breathing, touching your eyes, or skin contact—your immune system releases chemicals like histamine. This leads to common allergy symptoms such as:
- Sneezing
- Runny or blocked nose
- Itchy or watery eyes
- Itchy throat or nose
- Sinus pressure
This chain reaction in your body is often referred to as the “allergic response.”
How Are Allergies Diagnosed?
If you’re unsure what’s causing your symptoms, a healthcare professional can help identify your triggers. Diagnosis may include:
- Reviewing your medical and lifestyle history
- A physical examination
- Allergy tests such as skin, patch, or blood tests
Understanding your triggers is the first step toward effective management.
Types of Allergies
Outdoor (Seasonal) Allergies
These occur at certain times of the year and are usually caused by pollen or mould spores.
Indoor Allergies
These can happen year-round and are often triggered by dust mites, pet dander, or indoor mould.
How to Reduce Allergy Triggers
Managing allergies starts with limiting exposure to allergens:
- Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons
- Clean regularly to reduce dust and mould
- Wash bedding frequently
- Limit contact with pets if you’re sensitive
- Use air filters or purifiers
Treatment and Relief
Over-the-counter medications, such as antihistamines like Clarityne, can help relieve symptoms by blocking histamine reactions.
For persistent or severe allergies, consult a healthcare provider for tailored treatment options.